Researchers uncover groundbreaking find that could transform the fate of used plastic: 'Potential to complete the cycle'

Scientists at Georgia Tech have unveiled a revolutionary technique for decomposing PET plastic without relying on heat or chemical solvents. This innovative approach, known as mechanochemical recycling, employs physical impacts to trigger chemical reactions that break down the plastic, according to Interesting Engineering.

PET, a material commonly found in beverage bottles and polyester fabrics, is notoriously resistant to traditional recycling methods. Millions of tons are produced annually, with most ending up in landfills due to the difficulty of processing the material.

The research, led by postdoctoral researcher Kinga Gobek and Professor Carsten Sievers, involved striking solid PET samples with metal spheres under controlled conditions. The impacts generated sufficient force to initiate reactions between the plastic and an alkaline substance, enabling decomposition at room temperature.

"Our findings demonstrate that mechanical impacts can efficiently and controllably break plastics down into their original molecules," said Sievers. "This could fundamentally change the way plastics are recycled, making the process far more sustainable."

Using precise experiments and computational models, the team observed that the points of contact created tiny indentations where extreme conditions allowed polymer chains to stretch, split, and become chemically reactive. Some bonds were broken solely by the kinetic energy of the collisions, proving that physical force alone can trigger molecular breakdown.

The intensity of the impacts directly influenced the results. Light strikes affected only surface layers, while stronger collisions caused deeper fractures, exposing more material for reaction. This insight enables engineers to design systems that maximize decomposition while minimizing energy use.

Sievers noted, "This method could close the loop on plastic waste, enabling mechanochemical recycling systems that continually renew everyday plastics and reduce environmental harm."

Practical steps to minimize plastic waste include reusing containers, choosing products with minimal packaging, and supporting brands that prioritize sustainable materials.

Author: Harper Simmons