Comparison of Red Wine and White Wine: Nutritionists Provide Explanation

While some research indicates that even a single alcoholic drink per day can affect lifespan, earlier studies have suggested that moderate wine consumption might offer certain benefits. Past studies highlighted that regular red wine intake could provide protective effects for the heart, explains Sapna Peruvemba, M.S., R.D.N., a dietitian and Ph.D. student in nutritional science at Loma Linda University. But between red and white wine, is one truly healthier?

Expert Insights

Dietitians Sapna Peruvemba and Jamie Baham, M.S., R.D.N., L.D., a cancer prevention specialist at Ladybug Nutrition, weigh in on the health aspects of red versus white wine and safe consumption guidelines.

Red Wine vs. White Wine: Nutritional Differences

The health effects of wine depend largely on how its made. Red wine is fermented with the grape skins, seeds, and stems, which hold most of the antioxidants, says Peruvemba. White wine, on the other hand, is fermented after removing these parts, so many protective compounds are lost.

These compounds include antioxidants such as resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, tannins, and anthocyanins, which have been linked to lower inflammation, stronger immunity, and healthier aging. Red wine generally contains higher levels. Resveratrol levels in white wine are roughly ten times lower than in red wine, notes Baham. However, even red wine provides far fewer antioxidants than consuming grapes or berries in their natural form. To get therapeutic levels of resveratrol from wine, you would need to drink far more than a typical serving, which could be harmful, she adds.

Is Wine Beneficial for Health?

Despite the antioxidants, experts caution against viewing wine as a health aid. Wine cannot be considered genuinely healthy, says Peruvemba. People should drink it for enjoyment, not for health benefits. Baham concurs, emphasizing that consistent exercise and a fiber-rich diet can improve heart health without the risks associated with alcohol.

Studies suggest no substantial difference between red and white wine regarding cancer risk, as both contain alcohol, classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the World Health Organization. Even though red wine has more antioxidants, the alcohol risk remains, Peruvemba explains.

Who Should Avoid Alcohol

Certain individuals should refrain from drinking alcohol entirely, including those who:

• Are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding
• Have liver disease
• Have heart conditions
• Have gastrointestinal issues
• Take medications that interact with alcohol
• Have personal or family history of alcohol abuse
• Have elevated cancer risk

Final Advice

When it comes to drinking wine, moderation is key. Drink thoughtfully and in moderation, advises Baham. Wine should never replace other healthy habits, like eating fruits for antioxidants, and excessive drinking should be avoided to maintain overall wellness.

Author: Benjamin Carter